Handmade Paper from the Barks of the Rubber Tree

Abstract

The objective of this research is to study the process for making handmade paper from wasted rubber tree bark and analyzed the physical properties of handmade paper created from leftover rubber tree bark. The study focused on two types of raw materials which were rubber tree bark scraps ( of RRIM 600 species) mulberry paper, the ratios tested in different proportions were 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30, respectively. Standard paper of 100 grams was manufactured, and the experiments were conducted in 5 replicates. The paper properties were analyzed, including tensile strength and elongation according to ASTM D828-22(E) standard, and tear resistance according to ISO 1974-2012(E) standard. Additionally, the external characteristics were inspected by six qualified individuals, including two academics, two producers and two distributors. The research findings indicated that the paper produced with a ratio of 90:10 exhibits the highest average tensile strength at 0 . 7 0 kilonewtons per meter. For elongation, the paper with a ratio of 7 0 : 3 0 demonstrated the highest average at 2 . 1 0 % . In terms of tear resistance, the paper with a ratio of 7 0 : 3 0 showed the highest average at 2 , 9 2 3 . 6 2 millinewtons. Regarding external appearance assessment, one expert preferred the paper with a 90:10 ratio the most because the paper was thicker and had the darkest shade, making it suitable for packaging and potentially for developing into wallpaper. On the other hand, five other experts favored the paper with a 70:30 ratio the most, they preferenced the thinness, consistent light yellow color, and exceptionally light weight. They highlighted the excellent ability to rolls up neatly and become loosen quickly, suggesting its potential for artistic endeavors.