Analysis of Safety Management Approaches for Hin Dad Hot Spring

Abstract

Hot spring tourism is an important resource for health and wellness tourism in Thailand; however, safety limitations in actual usage areas may pose risks to visitors. This study aimed to assess safety conditions, analyze systemic risks, and evaluate the safety readiness of Hin Dad Hot Spring, Kanchanaburi Province, in relation to relevant safety standards. Field-based data were collected and analyzed using an integrated analytical framework, including Checklist-based Compliance Score (CS), Risk Matrix for Normalized Risk Score (NRS), Gap Analysis, and the Safety Readiness Index (SRI). The results indicated that the Compliance Score (CS) was 29.17%, reflecting a very low level of safety implementation. The Normalized Risk Score (NRS) was 54.40%, indicating a high level of existing risk, particularly in wet surfaces, slopes, and hot spring pool edges. The overall gap was approximately 70% when compared with relevant standards, resulting in a low Safety Readiness Index (SRI) of 34.92%, which suggests insufficient readiness for safety certification. The findings demonstrate that safety risks are not caused by a single factor but arise from both structural deficiencies and system-based management issues. Therefore, a comprehensive safety management approach is required. A PDCA-based framework is proposed to systematically improve safety performance, reduce risks, and support the sustainable development of hot spring tourism.