Application of Participatory Ergonomics to Reduce Hand-Related Musculoskeletal Risks in Small-Scale Fishermen

Abstract

Net hauling in fisheries is associated with high ergonomic risk due to continuous manual pulling and lifting of nets with repetitive motions, which may lead to musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the hands. This quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of participatory ergonomics, in which small-scale fishers selected a manual winch to reduce hand ergonomic risk. A total of 22 participants were selected using purposive sampling. Research instruments included the Strain Index (SI) for hand risk assessment, a hand pain rating scale, and a hand grip strength dynamometer. All participants were male, with a mean age of 46 years (SD = 11.85) and an average body weight of 68 kg (SD = 8.05). Before the intervention, SI scores for both hands were at a high-risk level (level 4). Most participants reported moderate hand pain (68.2%), while grip strength was at a very good level. After implementing participatory ergonomics, which led to the use of a mechanical hauling device, SI scores and hand pain levels significantly decreased (p < 0.05). However, no significant change in hand grip strength was observed. In conclusion, participatory ergonomics effectively reduced hand-related ergonomic risks among small-scale fishers. This approach can be applied to other informal workers with similar job characteristics to improve working conditions and reduce future risks.