Characterization of traits of landrace rice and commercial rice cultivars

Abstract

Landrace rice was collected and inherited for each local use. Nowadays, utilization of landrace rice has decreased owing to a low price as it is not consumer preference. However, landrace rice is necessary for rice breeding and development. In addition, commercial cultivars were developed from landrace rice. The objective of this study was to determine landrace rice information compared to commercial cultivars. Morphology, agronomic traits such as panicle length, grain weight, total grain per panicle, filled grain per panicle, unfilled grain per panicle were assessed. The result elucidated that RD22 possessed the highest value of total grain per panicle, filled grain per panicle. On the other hand, Keo Ngu possessed the highest value of unfilled grain per panicle. The Panicle length showed the highest value on KDML105 and Hom Chaiyaphum revealed the highest grain length. The grain widths were not different, while the outstanding grain thickness belonged to Saen Sabai by 0.35 centimeters. Fragrance rice, owing to the presence of 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), is specific to Thai Hommali rice and the study revealed that RD15, invented and developed by the Rice Department, possessed the highest 2AP, followed by KDML105.